Population: 1,306,313,812 (July 2005 est.)

Age structure: 0-14 years: 21.4% (male 148,134,928/female 131,045,415), 15-64 years: 71% (male 477,182,072/female 450,664,933), 65 years and over: 7.6% (male 47,400,282/female 51,886,182) (2005 est.)

Median age: total: 32.26 years, male: 31.87 years, female: 32.67 years

Population growth rate: 0.58% (2005 est.) 

Birth rate: 13.14 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Death rate: 6.94 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Net migration: -0.4 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Sex ratio:  at birth: 1.12 male(s)/female, under 15 years: 1.13 male(s)/female, 15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female, 65 years and over: 0.91 male(s)/female, total population: 1.06 male(s)/female (2005 est.)

Infant mortality rate: total: 24.18 deaths/1,000 live births, male: 21.21 deaths/1,000 live births, female: 27.5 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)

Life expectancy at birth: total population: 72.27 years, male: 70.65 years, female: 74.09 years (2005 est.) 

Total fertility rate: 1.72 children born/woman (2005 est.)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: 0.1% (2003 est.) 

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: 840,000 (2003 est.)

HIV/AIDS - deaths: 44,000 (2003 est.) 

Nationality: Chinese 

Ethnic groups: Han Chinese 91.9%, Zhuang, Uygur, Hui, Yi, Tibetan, Miao, Manchu, Mongol, Buyi, Korean, and other nationalities 8.1% 

Religions: Daoist (Taoist), Buddhist, Muslim 1%-2%, Christian 3%-4% 

Languages: Standard Chinese or Mandarin (Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghaiese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority languages